A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON SUSTAINABLE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS: EVALUATING ENERGY-EFFICIENT CLUSTERING APPROACHES

Abstract

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), optimizing data transmission routes is essential for enhancing network longevity, primarily by reducing the total energy expenditure along these routes. To enhance scalability and increase the efficiency of data aggregation, sensor nodes are typically organized into distinct, non-overlapping groups known as clusters. These clusters are essential for establishing hierarchical structures within WSNs, optimizing the use of the limited resources in sensor nodes, and extending the network’s lifespan. This paper seeks to present a comprehensive review of the clustering algorithms available in WSN literature, providing an up-to-date analysis of the field. This paper introduces a specialized taxonomy that emphasizes energy-efficient clustering strategies in WSNs. Our primary objective is to systematically categorize and evaluate the various methodologies reported in the literature, focusing particularly on enhancing energy efficiency and promoting sustainable network performance.